Assessment of Vehicle to Grid Power as Power System Support

Due to developments in both battery and charging technology, aggregated V2G enabled EVs would be able to respond to the grid quickly and reliably. A simplified Scottish network model has been developed by the authors, comprising aggregated load profiles, conventional generation, stochastic generation (i.e. wind power), hydro-pumped storage, and an aggregated V2G model (based on private cars). This simulates, over a day using half hourly load and pricing changes, assuming a 10% penetration of V2G EVs within Scottish household. The results of these studies will be demonstrated from the developed Matlab/SimPowerSystems models and supports the benefit of V2G as a power system support mechanism capable of providing valuable grid services. Two scenarios are investigated and compared/reported: Plug-in controlled network recharging of EVs (i.e. no V2G functionality, no power flow back to the grid); fully enabled V2G grid operation (i.e. full bi-directional power flow to/from the vehicle to the grid). Comments will also be made as to how the authors view the development of the V2G market and the potential role of system aggregators in the control and operation of such a system.